Chetna And Prithviraj

during aging: a concept of the past? A possible remedy

This might suggest that two recently published studies by teams at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California. Human aging remains now a poorly understood phenomenon and its study is complicated by the fact that this process stretches over a lifespan exceeding 80 years. Moreover, the very causes of aging are poorly known and many processes appear to be combined, at different levels, to contribute to this phenomenon. At the genetic level, telomeres appear to be the cause of aging in our DNA. At the protein level, accumulation of malformed proteins are the cause of death of certain cells. At the cellular level, oxidative stress associated with the activity of mitochondria is also a source of toxicity that is his due with age. At the macroscopic scale, environment and nutrition also play roles. The two studies conducted at the Salk Institute used to clarify some of these points.

A Spartan regime for longevity

Recently, studies have shown that it is possible to substantially increase the life span of certain animals and reduce their risk of age-related diseases (cancer , diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc..) reducing their daily nutritional intake, especially the amount of calories each day. The study of caloric restriction has shown that it was originally the activation of an enzyme called AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) present in many animal species. The action of this enzyme on the regulation of metabolism had already been studied in research on obesity [1] [2]. In the context of aging research, it was shown that reducing calorie activates AMPK, which then regulates the cellular activity to reduce their energy consumption. This slowdown is causing metabolic the increase in life span observed, but the process initiated by AMPK and biomolecules with which it interacts in this hitherto unknown mechanism. A team led by Andrew Dillin and Reuben Shaw studied at Ceanorhabditis elegans (a worm used as a model), possible targets of AMPK [3].

By studying the genome of the worm, they found a likely target: a protein called CRTC1 (CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1). By inhibiting the production of CRTC1 in Ceanorhabditis elegans, researchers have observed an increase of 40% of its useful life. The team subsequently confirmed the link between AMPK and CRTC1 showing that the first second inactive in catalyzing the phosphorylation of the second. The addition of a phosphate group on a site specific CRTC1 off because this protein. The key role of CRTC1 in the process has also been confirmed by studying its interaction with another enzyme called calcineurin, which plays the opposite role of AMPK and removes the phosphate group that disables CRTC1. In summary, CRTC1 can be compared to a switch of aging, which can be ignited by either calcineurin or extinguished by AMPK. In addition, the site of phosphorylation of key CRTC1 is widely retained within the animal kingdom.

The combination of these two properties makes this protein an excellent target for the development of a pharmaceutical treatment. By developing a compound that inhibits directly CRTC1, researchers hope to reach replicate the beneficial effects of calorie restriction on longevity, while avoiding its greatest flaw: the fact of having to maintain a state of perpetual hunger.


study the pathologies of aging to better understand the phenomenon

Meanwhile, another team from the Salk Institute, led by Juan-Carlos Izpisua Belmonte has focused on the study of human disease very rare and currently incurable syndrome called Hutchinson-Gilford (progeria or) to understand the mechanisms linked to cellular aging. This disease is indeed characterized by accelerated aging of the human being, who is showing signs of senescence at the age of two years. Children with this disease are very rare (64 cases listed in the world today) and usually die from vascular disease before the age of 13. This disease is caused by a single mutation of the gene encoding lamin A, a protein that plays a critical role in organizing the cell nucleus. The mutation causes the synthesis of a shortened version of the lamin A, progerin called, which therefore plays more role in structuring the kernel, therefore causing many problems on the genetic activity of the cell. The cells are then very quickly look "old" characterized by a malformed nucleus and DNA folded incorrectly.

Dr. Belmonte's team has created a line of induced pluripotent stem cells from fibroblasts (skin cells) from patients with progeria. Their goal is to use stem cells to create different types of differentiated cells and observe the effects of accelerated aging in each of these lineages. It is thus possible to observe in the space of two weeks of the phenomena that take several decades for most people. However, it could suggest that stem cell line obtained is also subjected to accelerated aging. The fact that this is not the case constitutes an achievement in itself and an additional study showed that lamin A / progerin was not synthesized in stem cells but only in cells differentiated. Once these stem cells are differentiated, the synthesis of progerin cell begins and symptoms of progeria occur again.

The stem cell line obtained not only to study the effects of aging in different cell types but also some other action of progerin. The team of Dr. Belmonte has shown that progerin accumulates and form clusters, mainly in the smooth muscle cells lining the arterial blood vessels. Clusters cause degeneration of these cells, causing vascular disease often fatal for people with progeria. The accumulation of protein in these cells could be a biomarker of interest for monitoring of physiological aging.

Finally, researchers have shown that it is possible to prevent the appearance of accelerated aging in genetically modifying the stem cells induced to inhibit the synthesis of progerin. This could be a trail of treatment for progeria. In all cases, obtaining this new cell line is an interesting development for the study of aging. The study was published in the journal Nature [4].

These two studies show the complexity and variety of phenomena associated with aging. Demographic trends observed across the world make the study of aging, a subject of great importance in the field of biology.

For more information, contact:
- [3] Article (in English, subscription required to access the full text):
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v470 / n7334/full/nature09706.html
- [4] Article (in English, subscription required to access the full text) :
http://redirectix.bulletins-electroniques.com/x0bok
- The Salk Institute (in English): http://www.salk.edu/

Source:
- [1] discovered in mice a drug that "burn" fat, Alexander Touvat, Bulletin U.S. 195,
http://www.bulletins-electroniques.com/actualites/62275.htm
- [2] The woodchuck model of human obesity research, Alexander Touvat, Bulletin U.S. 214, http://www.bulletins-electroniques.com/actualites/63881.htm
- Hungering for Longevity - Salk Scientists Identify The confluence of aging signals, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, February 17, 2011, http://www.salk.edu/news/pressrelease_details.php?press_id=472
- Aging, interrupted, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, February 23, 2011, http://www.salk.edu/news/pressrelease_details.php?press_id=473

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Coupe de France finals of the 16th Coupe de France: it went very well but this has not gone ...

designated shooters during training last Thursday night and the two guards Stadium occur at midfield, immediately get together and huddle in a circle. Their partners are aligned and hug the edge of the button forming one. Under the command of the arbitrators enchainent penalty shootout. At each penalty scored our supporters burst of joy and echo their horns and drums. Every penalty conceded they express their intense disappointment. We perform a series perfect for shooting with five successes, without trembling. Unfortunately, our opponents are also very effective and the suspense becomes unbearable because pervasive and intensifying over an hour. Equal 5 all after the first round. We must continue with this time of sudden death. An exploit the goalkeeper on our sixth attempt, then without shaking the shooter HB3V crucify Alex, sprints to his partners and they all celebrate. From our side, after a few seconds of relief and huge disappointment we get together and exchange a few words to thank our great friends even more fans disappointed but we hiding for some very worthy few tears while testifying in blood meeting and the disappointment of all.

An hour before the two young referees give the kick-off meeting in the beautiful hall of the complex of Saint Irieix perch (87). Both teams are very motivated (we would be at least) are clenched. The prohibition on the use of glue to help, many blunders are committed. At this game, players are faring in the Dordogne a little better and get the best start to lead 3-1. The game is weird, our players do not play. The impression they have stepped on the brake. The defense is present only intermittently, our mounted ball played in slow motion. We can not keep up with our opponents who remain in the lead but did not widen the gap that is keeping 1 or 2 goals. Our attack only found few solutions for lack of speed and commitment. Contacts with the opposing defense is very tough, sometimes to the limit. One or both would, in my view, have been punished more severely. Half-time is achieved with a score of 10 to 9 in our favor. One would think that the break would release our players. Unfortunately this was not the case and the beginning of the second act is identical to the first halftime ...

In

worse, since we allow players to Dordogne take up to 4 units in advance to lead 17-13. That's when we wake up a bit and with some nice action and found a defense, we go back and equate to 17 everywhere. Our opponents react and stop the bleeding by taking a goal lead. After a few misfires on both sides, we equalize. A good defense and the next attack we take the advantage 19-18. Taking advantage of numerical superiority we recover the ball at 50 seconds of the final whistle. Symbol of this match we were never able to master it, after about fifteen seconds into the attack, the referee raise his arm signifying that we had to shoot quickly. Our shooting precipitate is stopped by the goalkeeper. On the attack last chance, the players of Bergerac yet outnumbered manage to equalize. 19 across the final whistle and it is directly the shootout goals.

analysis of the game hurts. We are not able to handle the event. We are never truly back in the match and did not play our game Confirmation that the mental dimension and experience in these meetings are crucial. Technically, we have once again been ineffective and too often what passes in the league in the Landes, does not forgive this kind of meeting. Some significant figures:

Only 54% of success in shooting, we scored more goals than our opponents have made 10 more shots, a low percentage of success at the wing (30%), 10 turnovers unprovoked ... It's hard to hear but true and this book should serve to the end of the season and help us achieve our main objective.

This adventure in France was cut very nice and ends with a superb weekend in Limousin, which starts Saturday morning with a start in a bus full (players, managers, supporters, hopes, dreams, desires ... ). After a trip without incident, we arrive at the cottage booked for several weeks. We can say that the choice is excellent as the setting and amenities are first class. The end of the day begins before the rugby team in France, continues with a dinner hosted and ends an evening more or less sage according to individual choice and enjoyable for all. After a short night and a breakfast, refreshing for some, we went to the room focused players, fans made up and fitted with yellow and black ready to set the mood. Too bad the day Sunday was shorter than planned because we had all the desire and motivation so that it lasts until very late. Despite the disappointment, the return was cheerful and courageous ended the day with a last meal together at the clubhouse at Silver.

A big thank you to all and all for this weekend.

Thanks to all the people who donate their time, sometimes with their money, we lived together at times like these. Thank you fans who supported us and those who could not be physically present there but all other times. Players and staff are aware of everything you do for them and thank you. Thanks to all the Stade Montois Hand Ball is a club where we feel good.

Landais Thanks also to the clubs (they will recognize themselves) for their messages of support.

Finally thank you to Cup in France, a competition in this new format allows all clubs and players to dream Handball and live the good times.

To relive those days, go through the link to the photos already online.

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senior senior senior

team Senior B moves Mt St Sulpice for 13h
appointment stage at 11:45

Senior A team moves for 15h at Varennes
appointment stadium 14h

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The adventure ...

September 18, 2010 ...

LONS: this past

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October 31, 2010 ...

VILLENAVE OF ORNON it went

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November 27, 2010 ...

MEDOC is past

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December 18, 2010 ...

MONSEGUR it went

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January 9, 2011 ...

SARLAT it went

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February 27, 2011 ...

is for us to write the next adventure ....

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Program Sunday ...

http://www.comitehandball87.org/files/downloads/A3_cp_france_st_yriex-1-.pdf

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team Senior B receives Neuvy B for 15h
appointment stadium 14h

The Senior A team moves Courson for 15h
appointment stadium 13h

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Spiderman 4: The title and artwork revealed!

Columbia Pictures has finally unveiled the title of the latest installment in the saga of Spider-Man with Andrew Garfield in the title role! It will be called The Amazing Spider-Man !
The new look of spider man has also been unveiled, and despite its resemblance to the former, it is rather successful.
The Amazing Spider-Man is currently in production and its release in 3D is scheduled for July 3, 2012.
Andrew Garfield, who took over for Tobey Maguire, will give the reply to Emma Stone, Rhys Ifans, Denis Leary, Campbell Scott and Martin Sheen. Marc Webb meanwhile headed the project.

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Must-have: flat shoes

This year, designers like the contrasts ... If you do not like the dizzy, then focus on the zero heel!
Style: Flat The 2011 version is interpreted version comfortable borrowing from masculine codes: forget the shoes, place shoes that hold true to the foot, support the spine and keep us warm ... A fashion that allows us to be beautiful, and well! According to your mood, choose biker boots look for a rock, or sneakers or a slim mini street for a little air ... Indulge!

Our shopping: We love totally on the apparatuses signed Jimmy Choo , which offers us a captivating collection to rest our little toes stilettos ... From black sequined leopard, low to the tennis sneakers, a look of madness to be falling, even with sneakers!

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Eros Ramazzotti will soon be a father for the second time

In couples with the beautiful model Marica Pellegrinelli, Eros Ramazzotti has announced that his girlfriend was pregnant. And if it is a first for the girl, the singer, it will be a second child.
Indeed, already father of Aurora, a girl aged 14, he had during his marriage with another model Michelle Hunziker, Eros Ramazotti will be able to give a little sister or little brother to his daughter.
After a messy divorce in 2002, it seems that the singer had the chance to finally get back on track next family.

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London Fashion Week: top off! Ashlee Simpson

Fashion Week in New York closed its doors just as London woke up in the excitement of opening day parade. On the trail of the New York catwalk, designers parading in London will give us their vision of next winter. While some brands like Burberry Prorsum will broadcast their show live on the net, Tom Ford would simply present his collection by appointment to fashion editors handpicked. Here is the program
parades autumn-winter 2011/12 you will find pictures in elle.fr.
Friday, February 18 9:00
Paul Costelloe
Saturday, February 19 10:00 Charles Anastase

5:15 p.m. House of Holland
Jonathan Saunders
7:15 p.m. Sunday, February 20 Mulberry

10:15 11:00 Matthew Williamson Acne
5:00 p.m. 6:00 p.m.
Vivienne Westwood Red Label
Monday, February 21
Pringle of Scotland
10:45 11:45 Christopher Kane
2:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. Erdem
Burberry Prorsum Paul
5:00 p.m. Mark Smith
6:00 p.m. 7:30 p.m. Fast
Giles
Julien MacDonald
8:30 p.m. Tuesday, February 22
10:45 Marios Schwab

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now lives with his sister, Jessica

Just separated from Pete Wentz and fast divorce, Ashlee Simpson has found refuge with her sister Jessica. Remains whether Eric Johnson, the boyfriend of the elder sisters, will not see a downside to this unexpected roommate.
Following its separation difficult, Ashlee Simpson was in need of comfort and be in a safe environment. So naturally she knocked on the door of his sister, who agreed to host it without hesitation. "Jessica said she and Bronx were welcome at her house until she finds a place to live. There was a lot of dining with family and prayers. Ashlee could not expect better support ", told a relative in Site RadarOnline .
When things go wrong, fortunately, the family is there ...